The Quran, unlike the Bible, has no problem with evolution!
In fact, it says: "He [God] created you in stages" (Chapter 71). The word "stages" in Arabic is "aTwara" from the same root of evolution "taTawwur".
It also says: "He [Your Lord] produced you from posterity/progeny of another people" (Chapter 6). Maybe it is a reference to Homo erectus!
It
has been proven scientifically that all people are descended from one
common ancestor, and the scientists today call the most recent
patrilineal one Y-MRCA or Y-Chromosome Adam, and the matrilineal mt-MRCA
or Mitochondrial Eve.
Not
only humans who are descended from one common ancestor, all species in
general evolved from a single cell that lived in WATER 3.5 billion
years, the fact that was mentioned in the Quran 1400 years ago: "Do the unbelievers not realize that the heaven and the earth used to be one solid mass that we exploded into existence? And from water we made all living things. Would they believe?" (The Quran, Chapter 21).
Theory of evolution is a great theory to describe the biodiversity of the world. Actually, it is the best theory for the presence of so many life forms in the earth. Now, we can just give great theories to make a sense out of so many fossils, genetic linkage, vestigial organs and so on, and in present world, there's no great theory than Evolution. But you can never it tell it "the truth", because may be after hundred years, many amazing findings can come and new theories can come. In science, nothing is absolute truth. So, as a scientific person, you have to admit, if we assume that God did not create human, then evolution can be the best possible explanation of the presence of human.
The Holy Quran states that life resulted from evolution. However, it identifies the harmony and complexity of creation and declares that all this could not have come of its own accord. Natural selection fails to explain the creation of life. The evolution of life as described by natural selection produces complexity and harmony of life through chance and mutation. Life has evolved in a progressive fashion, from simple to complex life, without any supernatural guidance. Evolution of a complex life due to trillions of accidents in 4.5 billion years depends on too many chances. Hence, every step that life took, could have moved in any direction. A single step to be taken in the right direction without guidance is an unlikely chance. For each step to move invariably in the right direction, a billion times over and pursue unfalteringly the course that could lead to the creation of humans is bizarre and unrealistic
The Quran describes a sequence of events that could be incorporated within an evolutionary process, but with God as the initiator and sustainer, with mankind being given unique qualities at a point in time when ready. Some examples are shown below:
21:30 ...We made out of water every living thing...
11:61 ...He produced you from the earth/land...
76:1 Was there not a time when mankind was nothing to even be mentioned?
76:2 We have created mankind from a mixed exudate...
71:17 God made you grow from the earth as a growth/plant
23:12 And We have created man from an extract from clay.23:13 Then We made him a drop in an established lodging.
71:14 "And indeed He created you in stages...
6:38 There is not a creature in the earth, or a bird that flies with its wings, but are communities like you...
6:133 ...He raised you from the seed of another people.
22:5 ...We
have created you from dust, then from an exudate/drop, then from a
clinging substance, then from a fetus developed and undeveloped...
32:7 The One who perfected everything He created and He began the creation of man from clay.
32:8 Then He made his progeny from an extract of a humble liquid.
32:9 Then He evolved him, and blew into him from His spirit...
29:20 Say, "Roam the earth and observe how the creation was originated...
To conclude, it seems The Quran does not confirm nor rule out the evolutionary process.
It may be interesting to note that the basic theory of evolution can be found in early Muslim works and was not considered controversial. Perhaps the most well known example of this was in the work 'Al Muqaddimah' ('the introduction') by Ibn Khaldun (1377), written more than 400 years before Charles Darwin. Quote:
"One
should then take a look at the world of creation. It started out from
the minerals and progressed, in an ingenious, gradual manner, to plants
and animals. The last stage of minerals is connected with the first
stage of plants, such as herbs and seedless plants. The last stage of
plants, such as palms and vines, is connected with the first stage of
animals, such as snails and shellfish which have only the power of
touch. The word 'connection' with regard to these created things means
that the last stage of each group is fully prepared to become the first
stage of the newest group.
The animal world then
widens, its species become numerous, and, in a gradual process of
creation, it finally leads to man, who is able to think and reflect. The
higher stage of man is reached from the world of monkeys, in which both
sagacity and perception are found, but which has not reached the stage
of actual reflection and thinking. At this point we come to the first
stage of man" ( via misconceptions about islam )
But 1400 years ago the Quran said that God is able to recreate humans from their own semen in forms that they are unable to envisage.
(Quran 56:58-62) Do you see your own semen? Do you create it or do we (Allah) create it? We decreed death among you and nobody beat us to alter your form and raise you in forms that you do not perceive. And you have figured out your first form then why do you not take heed?
Change of form is evolution. Change of form from our own semen is evolution indeed. The Arabic words "Ghair Masbookeen" means nobody beat us to it. Since God is saying that nobody beat him to evolving man from his own semen this means that evolution is God made (not non-existing as some Muslims claim). There is nothing in the Quran that tells us whether Adam & Eve looked like us or looked like homo sapiens.
The Quran also says that if God wishes He can make our descendents nonhuman just like our ancestors.
(Quran 6:133) Your Lord, the Rich and Merciful, if he wishes, can discard you and suceed you with "WHATEVER" He wishes. Just like he created you from the seed of another clan.
The Quran specifically uses the word "Whatever" or "What" ("ma" in Arabic ما). This Arabic word "ma" cannot refer to humans; this word
is strictly reserved for nonhumans (the Arabic word that does refer to humans is "men" من meaning "who" or "whoever" but it was not
used here.) This verse says that if God wishes He can make our descendants nonhuman just like our ancestors.
source :
http://www.cosmology-theory-evolution-quran.com/
Is
it possible for Muslims to believe in the Theory of Evolution? The
answer is both Yes and No. It’s possible that God has programmed His
creatures to change with environmental and climatic shifts but not
evolve into different species. Science has been able to show these
transformations but has yet to establish the missing links, which would
make it possible for all people to be fully convinced that mankind
evolved from apes. Thus, Muslims would readily accept the idea of
evolutionary changes within one species, but not linear progression of
one species evolving from the previous one. Muslims can also accept the
idea of “Survival of the Fittest,” as long as it allows the elements of
chance and divine intervention.
It
is not hard to imagine within the framework of Islamic theology that
before God created Adam and Eve, He created other humanoids on earth
who, like dinosaurs, eventually died out. This would also be consistent
with modern scientific research which now says that Homo habilis and
Homo erectus lived side by side in eastern Africa for nearly half a
million years, and at least in this case there was perhaps no linear
evolution.
Few
years ago, Nature magazine, a well-respected Science journal reported
these findings of Meave and Louise Leakey: “Their co-existence makes it
unlikely that Homo erectus evolved from Homo habilis”, explained Meave
Leakey. “The fact that they stayed separate as individual species for a
long time suggests that they had their own ecological niche, thus
avoiding direct competition.” This means that both were two different
species and perhaps none evolved from the other. Similarly, researchers
have also found that hobbits, Homo floresiensis, lived in Indonesia
until recently. Yet, many scientists, who also happen to be atheists,
continue to assert the validity of linear evolution by opinion rather
than clear scientific facts.
Nevertheless,
there is another way to look at evolution, the idea that it’s the
spiritual essence of man that has its origins in other species and would
continue to evolve.( via contreversial islam )
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